Schatz, Luján, Butler, Welch Introduce Legislation Promoting Use Of AI To Predict, Respond To Extreme Weather

WASHINGTON – U.S. Senators Brian Schatz (D-Hawai‘i), Ben Ray Luján (D-N.M.), Laphonza Butler (D-Calif.), and Peter Welch (D-Vt.) this week introduced the Transformational AI to Modernize the Economy (TAME) against Extreme Weather Act, legislation aimed at promoting the adoption and implementation of artificial intelligence to better predict and respond to extreme weather.

Each year, extreme weather threatens human life and economic prosperity. Between 2013 and 2022, the federal government reported 5,291 deaths and nearly $256 billion in property and crop damage as a result of disasters. The toll of extreme weather has intensified in recent years. In 2023 alone, the U.S. experienced 28 distinct extreme weather events, resulting in at least 492 deaths and each costing at least a billion dollars.

“By using extraordinarily powerful AI tools to confront extreme weather, we can save lives and communities,” said Senator Schatz, a member of the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee. “This bill would require federal agencies to adopt AI tools in ways that improve weather forecasts, increase grid resilience, and improve environmental review, while also maximizing federal resources and strengthening public-private partnerships in advanced computing.”

Specifically, the TAME Extreme Weather Act directs three relevant federal agencies with a particular nexus to extreme weather to use AI tools:

• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Improve weather forecasting, wildfire detection, and modeling of how and where wildfires will spread. 
• Department of Agriculture: Crack down on deforestation and illegal wood products that increase foreign nations’ vulnerability to extreme weather events.
• Department of Energy: Optimize electrical grids and transmission against disruption from extreme weather events and develop technology for comprehensive and efficient environmental review.

“As extreme weather impacts communities in New Mexico and across the country, we must leverage every tool in our disposal to improve weather forecasting,” said Senator Luján. “I’m proud to join my colleagues in introducing this legislation that improves federal capabilities to use artificial intelligence to better predict emerging weather patterns, ensuring our communities are well-informed and prepared.”

“As climate change threatens to upend the homes and livelihoods of thousands of Californians, we must ensure our communities are equipped to take smarter action to combat extreme weather and climate impacts at every turn,” said Senator Butler. “The TAME Against Extreme Weather Act would take steps in assisting federal agencies with cutting-edge, AI tech to meet the unprecedented challenges of climate change head on.”

“Extreme weather is only getting more severe and more frequent. We need to use every tool at our disposal—including artificial intelligence—to save lives and livelihoods. By requiring federal agencies to use AI in proactive ways, such as boosting grid resiliency and improving weather forecasts, this bill will allow us to better predict and respond to extreme weather events and mitigate their impacts,” said Senator Welch.

The TAME Extreme Weather Act encourages academic and private sector collaboration to acquire data and explore new public-private partnerships that advance research and development in these technical and capital-intensive fields. The bill requires the development and curation of publicly available environmental datasets, allowing scientists, businesses, and the public to benefit from government technological advances. These datasets will help ensure the strength and quality of the data used to train AI systems and their positive applications. Additionally, the bill requires agencies to develop and disseminate best practices to minimize the environmental impacts of AI.

Schatz’s bill is supported by the Environmental Policy Innovation Center (EPIC), Salesforce, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), and Information Technology and Innovation Foundation’s Center for Data Innovation (ITIF, CDI).

“Amid a changing climate and increasingly severe weather events, the government’s ability to meet our nation’s climate resilience and stewardship needs depends on its capacity to access, integrate, manage, and use key environmental data and tech in new ways—including with AI. By bolstering federal agencies’ ability to gather, analyze, and share key environmental data for better forecasting, we think the TAME Weather Act will help demonstrate the benefits of AI in meeting federal environmental goals,” said Tim Male, Executive Director of the Environmental Policy Innovation Center.

“As the U.S. seeks to close the gap in weather forecasting with our overseas competitors, it is critical that we remain on the cutting edge of new technologies, including trustworthy approaches to artificial intelligence and machine learning. This important legislation will enable the nation to mobilize its formidable resources across federal agencies, the private sector, and academia to improve forecasts of weather and extreme events by taking advantage of the vast observational assets the U.S. possesses, and thereby protecting those in harm’s way while providing environmental intelligence for our economy and national security,” said Antonio J. Busalacchi, President of UCAR.

“The TAME Extreme Weather Act is an example of the type of forward-looking AI policy the United States sorely needs. Among the growing corpus of AI regulatory actions, very few embrace a positive view of AI and seek to use it to shape how we fight disease, tackle hunger, manage our lives, or enrich our minds. AI offers enormous societal and economic benefits, but realizing these benefits requires more than just public and private investments in the development of AI; the United States also needs a multipronged national AI adoption strategy to ensure these opportunities are translated into all the areas where they can make a positive difference in people’s lives. The TAME Act is an excellent—and necessary—step toward this goal. Accelerating public sector adoption of AI is one of the most straightforward and effective steps Congress can take to spur AI progress. This bill’s proactive approach should serve as a blueprint for policymakers across various sectors, including healthcare, transportation, and education. Doing so will ensure that AI's benefits are maximized across all facets of society, ultimately leading to tangible improvements in people's lives,” said Hodan Omaar, Senior Policy Analyst for the Center for Data Innovation.

The text of the bill is available here.

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